電(dian)氣設備晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)是晶(jing)(jing)(jing)體閘流(liu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的簡稱，也可(ke)(ke)稱做可(ke)(ke)控硅(gui)整流(liu)器，可(ke)(ke)控硅(gui)。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)是PNPN四層半導體結構，它有(you)(you)三個(ge)極(ji)：陽極(ji)，陰極(ji)和門極(ji)； 晶(jing)(jing)(jing)閘管(guan)(guan)(guan)具有(you)(you)硅(gui)整流(liu)器件(jian)的特性，能(neng)在(zai)高電(dian)壓(ya)、大(da)電(dian)流(liu)條件(jian)下工作(zuo)，且(qie)其工作(zuo)過程可(ke)(ke)以控制、被廣泛應用于可(ke)(ke)控整流(liu)、交(jiao)流(liu)調壓(ya)、無觸點(dian)電(dian)子(zi)開(kai)關、逆變(bian)及變(bian)頻等電(dian)子(zi)電(dian)路中。

全控型(xing)晶閘管的工(gong)(gong)作條件要求和(he)工(gong)(gong)作原理包(bao)括：

        1.晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)承受反(fan)向陽極(ji)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)，無論門(men)極(ji)承受何種電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)都處于(yu)反(fan)向阻斷狀態；2.晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)承受正(zheng)向陽極(ji)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)，僅在門(men)極(ji)承受正(zheng)向電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)（或(huo)電(dian)(dian)流）的情況下(xia)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)才導(dao)(dao)通(tong)。這(zhe)時(shi)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)處于(yu)正(zheng)向導(dao)(dao)通(tong)狀態；3.晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)導(dao)(dao)通(tong)后(hou)，門(men)極(ji)加反(fan)向電(dian)(dian)流或(huo)失去電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)關斷；或(huo)者門(men)極(ji)正(zheng)常(chang)，但主電(dian)(dian)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)減少(shao)到接近于(yu)零(ling)時(shi)，晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)也關斷。

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