事故(gu)原因分(fen)類電氣事故(gu)可以分(fen)為:
(1)觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)事(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)。人(ren)(ren)身觸及帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體(或過(guo)分接近高壓(ya)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體)時,由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)過(guo)人(ren)(ren)體而(er)造成的人(ren)(ren)身傷害(hai)事(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)。觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)事(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)是由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)能量施于人(ren)(ren)體而(er)造成的。觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又(you)可分為單相(xiang)觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、兩相(xiang)觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和跨步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)觸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)三(san)種。
(2)雷(lei)電(dian)和靜電(dian)事故。局(ju)部范圍(wei)內暫時失(shi)去平衡的(de)正、負電(dian)荷,在一定條件下將電(dian)荷的(de)能(neng)(neng)量釋放(fang)出(chu)來,對人體造成的(de)傷(shang)害(hai)或引(yin)發的(de)其他事故。雷(lei)擊(ji)常可(ke)(ke)摧毀建筑(zhu)物,傷(shang)及人、畜,還可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)引(yin)起火(huo)災;靜電(dian)放(fang)電(dian)的(de)最大威(wei)脅是引(yin)起火(huo)災或爆炸事故,也(ye)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)造成對人體的(de)傷(shang)害(hai)。
(3)射頻傷害(hai)(hai)。電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場的能(neng)量(liang)對(dui)(dui)人(ren)體造成的傷害(hai)(hai),亦即電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場傷害(hai)(hai)。 三依中文網 www.3eeezw.com 在高頻電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場的作用(yong)下,人(ren)體因吸收輻射能(neng)量(liang),各(ge)器官(guan)會(hui)(hui)受到不同程度的傷害(hai)(hai),從(cong)而引起各(ge)種疾病(bing)。除高頻電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場外,超(chao)高壓(ya)的高強度工頻電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場也會(hui)(hui)對(dui)(dui)人(ren)體造成一定的傷害(hai)(hai)。
(4)電路故障(zhang)。電能(neng)在(zai)傳遞、分配、轉換過程中,由于(yu)失(shi)去(qu)控制而造(zao)成的(de)事故。線路和設(she)備(bei)故障(zhang)不但威脅人身安全,而且也會嚴重損壞電氣設(she)備(bei)。
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