我們知(zhi)道電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能是(shi)從發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)輸送(song)到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力用戶(hu)，是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)各級(ji)變(bian)壓器經輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路輸送(song)的(de)(de)。目前，我國一(yi)般是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)六(liu)級(ji)變(bian)壓進行輸送(song)。由于(yu)這六(liu)級(ji)變(bian)壓都是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能和(he)(he)(he)磁(ci)能的(de)(de)相互轉換(huan)，盡(jin)(jin)管轉換(huan)效率(lv)(lv)較高(gao)(gao)，但仍然存(cun)在(zai)一(yi)定的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能損失(shi)，加(jia)上導(dao)線(xian)和(he)(he)(he)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)(bei)本(ben)身存(cun)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流通(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻必(bi)然產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能損失(shi)和(he)(he)(he)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)損耗，這些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能損失(shi)和(he)(he)(he)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)損耗要引起輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)線(xian)和(he)(he)(he)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流增加(jia)，造成導(dao)線(xian)和(he)(he)(he)設(she)備(bei)(bei)發(fa)熱，消(xiao)耗發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)的(de)(de)有效功(gong)率(lv)(lv)，增加(jia)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)的(de)(de)燃料(liao)損耗。所以，我們總希望線(xian)損電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量和(he)(he)(he)線(xian)損率(lv)(lv)能盡(jin)(jin)可能降低，線(xian)損的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)盡(jin)(jin)可能小，以提高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統的(de)(de)經濟(ji)效益和(he)(he)(he)社會(hui)效益，提高(gao)(gao)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可靠性和(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓質量。

線損對電力系統的影響主要包括：

        1）電能的有功損失是以熱的刑事通過空氣和介質散發出來的，從而造成能量的浪費和流失。從發電機發電、到輸變電和供用電，要經過大量的電力運行設備，由于電力設備都存在一定的電阻和電抗，就會造成一定的電能損失。
        2）電能在電磁 交換過程中需要一定的勵磁功率，同樣會產生電能消耗。
        3）運行電力設備的泄漏電流、計量設備誤差和管理等因素影響，也會造成電能損失。
        4）電能的無功損失使功率因數降低、線路電流增大、有功損失加大、電壓質量降低，并造成發變電設備負載率降低。
        5）電(dian)(dian)能的電(dian)(dian)壓損(sun)失表現為電(dian)(dian)壓質量(liang)差，造成負載端(duan)電(dian)(dian)壓降(jiang)低，用電(dian)(dian)設備出(chu)力(li)下(xia)降(jiang)，不能正常(chang)運行和使用，甚至(zhi)造成設備損(sun)壞。

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